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Displaying 1232 of 2959 articles.
Model suggests how life's code emerged from primordial soup
In 1952, Stanley Miller filled two flasks with chemicals assumed to be present on the primitive Earth, connected the flasks with rubber tubes and introduced some electrical sparks as a stand-in for lightning. The now famous experiment showed what amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, coul...
Acute stress improves working memory, research suggests
Day after day of chronic stress will wear a person down physically and mentally. But new research suggests that the acute stress produced by a brief run-in with a stressful scenario acts on a key brain region controlling emotion and cognition, temporarily improving learning and memory. Researcher...
Songbirds' elaborate cries for food show first signs of vocal learning
Only a handful of social animals — songbirds, some marine mammals, some bats and humans — learn to actively style their vocal communications. Babies, for instance, start by babbling, their first chance to experiment with sounds. Now, new research in songbirds shows that vocal experimentation may...
New imaging studies reveal mechanics of neuron migration
The development of the brain proceeds a little like the European settlement of North America. The earliest pioneers settled on the east coast with subsequent waves of settlers forming communities further and further westward. In cortical regions of the developing brain, generations of young neuro...
By manipulating oxygen, scientists coax bacteria into a wave
Bacteria know that they are too small to make an impact individually. So they wait, they multiply, and then they engage in behaviors that are only successful when all cells participate in unison. There are hundreds of behaviors that bacteria carry out in such communities. Now researchers at Rocke...
Handle with care: Telomeres resemble DNA fragile sites
Telomeres, the repetitive sequences of DNA at the ends of linear chromosomes, have an important function: They protect vulnerable chromosome ends from molecular attack. Researchers at Rockefeller University now show that telomeres have their own weakness. They resemble unstable parts of the genom...
Research suggests core nuclear pore elements shared by all eukaryotes
For perhaps 1.8 billion years after life first emerged on Earth, a sort of evolutionary writer’s block stalled the development of organisms more complicated than single cells. Then, a burst of experimental creativity about 1.7 billion years ago brought the cell nucleus onto the scene, stashing th...
Cells use import machinery to export their goods as well
In the bustling economy of the cell, little bubbles called vesicles serve as container ships, ferrying cargo to and from the port — the cell membrane. Some of these vesicles, called post-Golgi vesicles, export cargo made by the cell’s protein factory. Scientists have long believed that other, si...
Genome-wide map shows precisely where microRNAs do their work
MicroRNAs are the newest kid on the genetic block. By regulating the unzipping of genetic information, these tiny molecules have set the scientific world alight with such wide-ranging applications as onions that can’t make you cry and therapeutic potential for new treatments for viral infections,...
Research identifies 3D structure of key nuclear pore building block
The genome of complex organisms is stashed away inside each cell’s nucleus, a little like a sovereign shielded from the threatening world outside. The genome cannot govern from its protective chamber, however, without knowing what’s going on in the realm beyond and having the ability to project ...
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